Real Front Wheel Drive Independent Suspension

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Angle View from Behind
This is the front wheel suspension of my Pontiac Grand Prix GT. It's a little hard to discern the different components of the steering, but the pictures are large (sorry) so you can see it well.

The long slender arm is the steering link (the tie rod). The thicker arm just below the steering link is a torsion bar. The torsion bar and the spring (not shown- it is out of view) provide the shock absorption.

The silver-colored part (next to the brake disk) is the steering arm (structure that pivots when steered and connects the control arm to the wheel).

The axle is in the middle there somewhere. You'll see the black accordian-like boots that cover the CV joints (effectively u-joints).

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View from Underneath
Here you can see the tie rod and torsion arm better. The steering pivot point is at the bottom right. There is a small ball and socket joint that connects the end of the bottom control arm to the steering arm.
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View from Behind
The top of the steering arm connects to the angled shaft (coming down from middle center of the picture). Out of view is the spring around the shaft. The wheel rides up and down on the axis of the shaft and also pivots about the shaft when steered.
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View from Front
Here, the drive axle is shown better as well as the lower control arm. It is in sort of a wishbone shape (more like an assymetric lazy wishbone).

It's a uniqe structure that kind of frightened me when I first looked at it. It is a thin shell of steel. It was made with thin steel wrapped in a rectanglular cross-sectional shape (with highly rounded corners). The seam of the shell isn't even continuously welded! It is only stitch welded along the seam at certain intervals.

This looked a little weak to me. In structural engineering, we call this "funny looking". Using common sense, we judge a structure by its looks and predict how it will handle the applied loads. However it may appear, it is made correctly. It has held up quite well and hasn't failed. But I'll still check it for plastic deformation and cracks.

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